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题目：Novel Pd Catalysts for Decarboxylation of Brown Grease to Renewable Diesel
主讲人：Dr.K.Y.Simon Ng, Ph.D, P.E.
地点：化学工程学院会议室（存中楼808）
时间：2014年8月14日（周四）上午9:00
主讲人简介：
Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies
Professor of Chemical Engineering
Director, Electric-drive Vehicle Engineering
Wayne State University
内容简介：
Brown grease is comprised of both saturated and unsaturated FFAs. Almost 40% of brown grease is oleic acid (C18:1), which is a mono unsaturated fatty acid, and around 70% is unsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids have been successfully converted to hydrocarbons via decarboxylation under inert gas. Catalyst screening study with different metals on different supports for decarboxylation of stearic acid showed that a 5% Pd/C catalyst provided the best conversion (100%) of stearic acid to C17 “green diesel like” hydrocarbons. There also has been considerable study of the conversion of unsaturated FFAs to hydrocarbons. However, there is not yet an active and selective catalyst that can handle direct decarboxylation of unsaturated FFAs to hydrocarbons. Because of the competitive adsorption and reaction of active C=C double bonds on the catalyst surface, the decarboxylation yield of total FFAs decreased while yield of the side reactions increased, leading to an increased H2 consumption and a decreased diesel yield.
In this study a new catalyst that can improve the selectivity to green diesel in the absence of additional H2 was explored for conversion of oleic acid as a model unsaturated FFA molecule. Also the effect of catalyst structure on the decarboxylation activity was investigated. The Pd/Si-C (4:1) catalyst showed comparable activity for the conversion of oleic acid to saturated and unsaturated C17 hydrocarbons while Pd/Si showed a very low activity in oleic acid conversion. The analysis of the surface functionality by FTIR showed that the novel Pd/Si-C (4:1) catalyst have completely different surface interactions than the Pd/C catalyst. However, the stronger interaction between Pd metal and Si support in Pd/Si-C (0.5:1) and Pd/Si-C (0.5:1) leads to less active catalyst structures. A significant increase in n-heptadecane (n-C17) selectivity over the Pd/Si-C (4:1) catalyst may be due to the increase in the internal H2 transfer by Si. On the other hand, Pd/C benefits dehydrogenation of n-C17 to mainly 1-heptedecene. Formation of 8-heptadecane from oleic acid indicates that internal H2 from oleic acid molecule was utilized in direct decarboxylation on Pd/C-Si surface; therefore H2 requirements were greatly reduced compared to the existing processes.
个人简介：
Dr. K. Y. Simon Ng received his BSE, MSE, and PhD in chemical engineering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He is currently the Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies, a Professor of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Wayne State University (WSU), the founding director of WSU's Graduate Programs in Alternative Energy Technology, Electric-drive Vehicle Engineering, and the director of the WSU/NextEnergy National Biofuels Energy Laboratory. He is the co-founder of NextCAT, a spin-off company from WSU to accelerate the commercialization of renewable energy technology. He also served as a Visiting Scientist with General Motors Research Center and as a Visiting Professor in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering at the National University of Singapore. His research interests include energy storage systems, alternative fuels, environmental and fuel conversion catalysis, polymers, smart sensors, and biomedical devices. Professor Ng has received over $10M funding from the National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, 21st Century Job Fund, Michigan Life Science Corridor, NextEnergy, American Chemical Society, Engineering Foundation, Ford, GM, Exxon, among others. He has published and presented over 350 research papers. Professor Ng has also served as the President of the Michigan Catalysis Society, and received several awards including the Career Development Chair Award, a Gershenson Distinguished Faculty Fellow, and President's Award for Excellence in Teaching from WSU; and a Distinguished Faculty Award from the Michigan Association of Governing Boards of State Universities. He is a licensed Professional Engineer in the State of Michigan. Dr. Ng is a member of Council of Energy Research and Education Leaders, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, American Oil Chemists Society, North American Catalysis Society, and American Society for Testing and Materials. Recently, he served as a special advisor to the Michigan Renewable Fuel Commission, and received the 2011 Michigan Green Chemistry Governor’s Award in the academic category.
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